Headless Browser and Selenium

Refer
http://toolsqa.com/selenium-webdriver/headless-browser-testing-selenium-webdriver/
http://www.assertselenium.com/headless-testing/phantom-js-vs-selenium-which-is-a-superior-testing-framework/

POM

POM

• Page Object Model is a design pattern 
• It is useful to create object repository for a web page
• Page Object Model advantage is that your operations and flow of UI should be seperated from verification 
• Object repository becomes independent of test cases hence can be used for various purpose e.g. we can integrate it with TestNG framework

Sample POM

Structure

                          Page (POM)

• Page1      

                         TestScript 

• TestScript1

Code-      

Page1            

package page;

import org.openqa.selenium.By

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class Page1

{

WebDriver driver;

By title=By.name("titleName");

public Page1(WebDriver driver)

{

this.driver=driver;

}

public String getPageTitle()

{

return driver.findElement(title).getText();

}

}

TestScript1

package TestScript

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import Page.Page1;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest

import org.testng.annotations.Test

import org.testng.Assert; //This is used if we are using assert for verification

public class TestScript1

{

WebDriver driver;

Page1 p;

@BeforeTest

public void setupPage1(WebDriver driver)

{

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",chromeDriverPath);

driver=new ChromeDriver();

driver.manage().window().maximize();

driver.get(urlToPage1);

}

@Test(priority=0, enabled=true)

public void verifyPageTitle()

{

p=new Page1(driver);

Assert.assertTrue(p.getPageTitle().toLowerCase().contains("page title"));

}

}

Selenium: Important packages

org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver

Contains WebDriver Interface need to instantiate a new browser

org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver

Contains the Chrome driver class used to instantiate chrome driver onto the browser which is instantiate using WebDriver class

WebDriver w= new ChromeDriver()

org.openqa.selenium.By

By class is used to locate the various elements on a web page

java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit

Used for implicit wait

WebDriver w= new ChromeDriver()
w.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)

org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait

org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions

Used for explicit wait

WebDriverWait w= new WebDriverWait(driver, 5)

  Use wait object with ExpectedConditions on portions where you need the explicit wait to occur-

w.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.name("id")))

org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select

Used to control & acccess the drop down values

Select s= new Select(driver.findElement(By.name("elementName")))
s.selectByVisibleText("Value")
OR
s.selectByValue("value")

org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions

org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Action

Actions is user-facing API used to perform complex user gesture. This can be used instead of directly using keyboard or mouse

Instantiate a new Actions object.
Actions a= new Actions(driver)
Instatiate an Action using above Actions object
Action a1= a.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.name("elementName"))).build()
Perform the Action
a1.perform();

Actions are very useful for some of the complex user gesture which can't be perform using simple locaters e.g. following code will do a right click on an element

Instantiate a new Actions object.
Actions a= new Actions(driver)
Instatiate an Action using above Actions object
Action a1= a.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.name("elementName"))).contextClick().build()
Perform the Action
a1.perform();

More details can be found here under "Building a Series of Multiple Actions"

org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;

org.testng.annotations.Test;

org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;

org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;

All the above packages are used when we use Annotations in TestNG framework. Annotations in TestNG framework are a way to control the code execution below them. Annotations are preceded with an @

Summary of various TestNG Annotations (For more details on TestNG and Annotations usage example, click here)

@BeforeSuite: The annotated method will be run before all tests in this suite have run.

@AfterSuite: The annotated method will be run after all tests in this suite have run.

@BeforeTest: The annotated method will be run before any test method belonging to the classes inside the tag is run.

@AfterTest: The annotated method will be run after all the test methods belonging to the classes inside the tag have run.

@BeforeGroups: The list of groups that this configuration method will run before. This method is guaranteed to run shortly before the first test method that belongs to any of these groups is invoked.

@AfterGroups: The list of groups that this configuration method will run after. This method is guaranteed to run shortly after the last test method that belongs to any of these groups is invoked.

@BeforeClass: The annotated method will be run before the first test method in the current class is invoked.

@AfterClass: The annotated method will be run after all the test methods in the current class have been run.

@BeforeMethod: The annotated method will be run before each test method.

@AfterMethod: The annotated method will be run after each test method.

@Test: The annotated method is a part of a test case

Note- Here is the hierarchy for the Annotations in TestNG framework and they will be called in that order-
BeforeSuite
        BeforeTest
                   BeforeClass
                              BeforeMethod
                                         Test
                              AfterMethod
                   AfterClass
       AfterTest
AfterSuite

A very good example using all these Annotations can be referred here

Selenium General Question I- Accesing data from Excel

How to read data from Excel file using Java code and POI API

1. We should know what all packages we need to import
Java.io.file
POI
org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook; - Create workbook object
org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet; - Create particular sheet object to access specific sheet in workbook
org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell; -
org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow; -


2. We should know what all objects we need to create to read the excel file

FileInputStream f = new FileInputStream(new File(String path));
XSSFWorkbook w= new XSSFWorkbook(f); // Creating object for the workbook
XSSFSheet s= w.getSheet(String sheetname); // Creating object for the specific sheet based on the sheet name

3. Accessing Rows and Columns
            startRow= sheet.getFirstRowNum();
            endRow=sheet.getLastRowNum();
            startCol=sheet.getRow(0).getFirstCellNum(); // getFirstCellNum() Method belongs to XSSFRow class
            endCol=sheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum(); Note-    getLastCellNum() Gets the index of the last cell contained in this row PLUS ONE.

4. Accessing from a cell

s.getRow(int i).getCell(int cellNum).getStringCellValue() // getStringCellValue() is method of XSSFCell class. It returns value from a cell

Note- There is a overloaded method getCell(int cellnum, Row.MissingCellPolicy policy) too, which is useful to handle blank cells. e.g. getCell(int j, Row.CREATE_NULL_AS_BLANK) will return blank if the cell is null. Sometimes null cells throws exceptions.

Full program is below

public static String[][] readExcelData(String module)
{

       String path="H:\\Technical\\Selenium\\Workspace\\NavigatorSIT\\NavigatorPackages\\Resources\\Data\\data1.xlsx";
String[][] tabArray=null;
        FileInputStream fis = null;
        int startRow,startCol, endRow, endCol,ci=0,cj;
        try
        {
            fis = new FileInputStream(new File(path));
            XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fis);
            XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(module);
   
            /*---[Start] Identifying the rows an columns in module sheet---*/
            startRow= sheet.getFirstRowNum();
            endRow=sheet.getLastRowNum();
            startCol=sheet.getRow(0).getFirstCellNum();
            // getLastCellNum() Gets the index of the last cell contained in this row PLUS ONE.
            endCol=sheet.getRow(0).getLastCellNum();
            /*---[End] Identifying the rows and columns in Main sheet---*/
            /*System.out.println("StartRow " + startRow + " EndRow " + endRow +
            " startCol " + startCol + " endCol " + endCol);*/
            tabArray=new String[endRow-startRow][endCol-startCol];
            for(int i=startRow+1;i<=endRow;i++)
            {
            cj=0;
            for (int j=startCol;j<endCol;j++,cj++)
            {
                    tabArray[ci][cj]=sheet.getRow(i).getCell(j, Row.CREATE_NULL_AS_BLANK).getStringCellValue();
                    if(tabArray[ci][cj].equalsIgnoreCase(""))
                    tabArray[ci][cj]="null";
                   // System.out.println(tabArray[ci][cj]);
            }
            ci++;
          }
         
        }

        catch (Exception e)
        {
            System.out.println(e.toString());
        }
        return(tabArray);
     
}

Eclipse configuration

1. Adding existing project folders to the project explorer in eclipse

File->Import->General->Existing Projects Into Workspace->Select root directory of project->Finish

More Info

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3924229/adding-existing-project-folders-to-the-project-explorer-in-eclipse

2. Configuring Eclipse line numbers

Window -> Preferences -> General -> Editors -> Text Editors -> Check the Show line numbers check box.

OR